The definition is Large companies with the music industry that may also own small record labels.
When a musician or band reach a certain stage in their career, the need to be associated with a record label might seem necessary. Record labels operate in a variety of ways. Some bands have managed to have a career without any record label at all. Most people have heard of major record labels such as Sony, Universal and EMI but a variety of independently owned record labels exists too. Some labels are created by bands to put out their own music. The most obvious difference between these types of labels is how much money is available to be invested in you or your band and how much creative freedom you will have. Major Labels will provide a larger budget and more recourses than smaller labels but you will also be restricted creatively. Because record labels are concerned with making money, they will most likely require input regarding what you can record.
Sony Music
Sony Music entertainment UK is is part of one of the largest music and entertainment companies in the world. Sony have labels such as columbia records, RCA records, epic records and many more. Columbia records are well known for being the record label of One Direction, RCA records are known for being the record label of Asap Rocky and epic records are well known for being the record label of Mariah Carey. Sony Music themselves have features artists such as Elvis Presley, Fifth Harmony and Pentatonix. Columbia records has signed some of the most famous British artists such as The Script, Clavin Harris and one direction. There are links to other mediums of media because Sony is also in the television business and electronics.
Universal Music Group Universal Music Group are the current major UK label company that owns many companies. A company well-known that they own is Island Records who manages groups/artists such as U2 who are well-known for downloading there songs onto all the apple devices within the UK. Also Leona Lewis who is famous from being on the X-Factor and is now managed by Universal Music Group. Virgin EMI records is also a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Universal is also known for creating films so them being as a music group are large distribution company and this is good for them as they are not just known for their music.
Warner Music Group is an American major global record company headquartered in New York City. The largest American-owned music conglomerate world-wide it is one of the big three recording companies. EMI is the third largest record Label within the UK. Pixie Lott is a famous female british artist which is singed to EMI. EMI also have links to magazines which is an advantage for the artist's who are signed as this increases publicity for them and allows them to have a wider access. As well as magazines, also access to TV and film.
Independent label companies The independent label company I have chosen is XL Recordings. This helps me with me research as my artist for my music video is Adele, who is signed to them, so my research and findings will help me further my gatherings. XL recordings is owned by Richard Russell, and originated in 1989. The company have people such as Adele, The white stripes, Dizzee Rascal and Vampire weekend signed to them. XL recordings are well-known within the UK and have helped increase the sales of all there artists singles and albums.
Another independent label I have researched into is Sleep it Off records. This is a Gainesville, Florida based independent record label, which was started by the band Less Than jake in 2008. The label name was taken from a track on the band's 2004 B-sides album.
Conclusion
From analysing different Major record labels i have understood that have a large company will help with your promotion as well as being well-known within the music industry. Within each record label they focus on a different music genre. If independent companies want to become major record labels then they may not get the opportunity because they aren't as well known. Because of this the effect on the effect this has on the music industry is that the independent companies cannot become as large as the major companies and the larger companies take over/dominate the industry. I think that independent record labels are just as successful as major record labels in different ways. Independent record labels offer more diversity into the industry from the different and unique kinds of artists they sign, which is very much lacked from major record labels. Success is judged in different ways, as well as the amount of record sales, festivals, followers on social media sites; Sometimes it doesn't matter whether you are signed to a independent label or a major label, as many artists create success through the things listed above. It isn't fair that 4 companies dominate the music industry, as it is hard for any other companies to get into the industry and can't compete at the same level. They will not be able to create a music video at such a high standard, e.g. a music artist from youtube. When you belong to a major conglomerate company, you have a lot of money to produce and have all the equipment to produce such a high standard music video, whereas independent companies don't have as much money and funding and can't compete with the larger companies. There isn't as music money for promotional materials, and money is the key to production within major companies. The effect this has on the industry is that its harder for independent companies to get involved with the industry. An artist such as Calvin Harris has a larger opportunity within the music video because he is signed to a major record label; Columbia Records. Calvin was funded a lot of money to produce his music, travel the world and was able to get known globally because of the high demand behind Columbia Records. This is an advantage for artists such as Calvin as their record label has endless amounts of money to fund, and can include a high standard amount of equipment to produce successful music. Independent companies are more diverse as they sign different artists who create different types of music, which is one thing that lacks within major conglomerate companies. Independent labels can offer diverse artists, they also have more time to nurture their artists and help them to who they want to be and create s successful artist. Whereas major labels have no time for their artists, they just supply the money and let the artist get on with their music, and if it is not good enough they do not offer support and nurture. This is why i feel that independent artists are better in some ways and can offer a lot more support, and sometimes this is better than a lot of money for artists.
Introduction
For my music video I have chosen the genre of soul. The reason for my choice is because the genre of soul means the artist can tell a story to their chosen audience, and show meaning and understanding. From this a connection and a relationship can be made between the artist and the target audience, leading to the artist to understand their feelings and enjoy their music. A lot of soul artists have deep meanings behind their music which may involve their past. It is important to establish a genre before you choose your artist as you need to become familiar with the genre and this allows you to look through a varied amount of artists before choosing your own. For my artist i have chosen Adele and her song Home town Glory. Music analysis
I have chosen to identify two different music artists that are similar to my own so i can analyse and see the different/similar techniques used. I will analyse these two music artists in 8 points.
Amy Winehouse: Amy was an English songwriter and singer known for deep vocals and genres such as soul. Amy's famous soul song - Rehab, was names record of the year and song of the year in the Grammy Awards in 2008. Amy is similar to my artist Adele as they both sing with the genre of soul and both have deep hidden meanings behind their music. In Amy's track rehab, she sung about her past drug life and how her Dad was supportive and helped her through her bad patch. Her emotions were clear to the audience and she had a strong narrative which was understood by all of her audience. Amy has made many popular songs that have been in the charts such as: Back to black, you know I'm no good and tears dry on their own. For this artist i am going to analyse her music video 'Rehab' which was produced in 2009.
The genre of this music video is soul, just like the genre of the song I have chosen to use for my music video. The codes and conventions of the soul genre usually involve a narrative about love, family or problems of the artists own, mono-tone colour scheme and dull colours, slow cuts and editing, and normally no special effects. Within this music video of Amy's she includes the convention of the narrative being about her own life problems and family. The narrative involves her background on refusal to attend an alcohol rehabilitation centre. Her father tries to encourage her to go, but anything anyone does Amy only leads her own way. The lyrics of this song reflect on the conventional narrative. "They trying to make me to go rehab, but I say no no no". The lyrics explain her narrative as she tells her story to the audience that in her own mind she feels that she is fine and doesn't need any support for her problems. Moreover, the mono-tone and bland colour scheme are also seen to be conventional within this music video. The background is very subtle, with no exciting and colours that jump out on the screen, which connects with her outfit and make-up which is also very bland and doesn't show any enthusiasm towards her audience. Another convention which is also challenged within this video is the fact there is no special effects. Within the video there is no strong amount of lighting, strobe lighting or effects used to add to the outcome of the video. This convention works well with the setting and the narrative of the video, as any of special effects would probably ruin the image trying to be sent to her audience, and would be hard to understand the image she is trying to portray.
The first use of mise-en-scene is the location of the music video. The location of this music video is set in a small room, which is represented as a bed-sit. The location shows a lot of people in the background, which are contributing to the background music, but In a subtle way. The man laying on the bed is seen playing a trumpet, and the man sitting on the seal in the background is playing the saxophone. Amy isn't taking any notice of the people in the background, and they aren't seen to be playing the music together. The location within this music video is conventional. The location links to the narrative of the song too. The location shows the walls and floor to be in bad condition, which may represent the way she is feeling and this is there to contribute to her feelings. The un-cared location and mix-matched room is conventional to the soul genre. Moreover, the second use of mise-en-scene is the positioning of the artist. The position of the artist throughout the video is located in the centre of the screen from start to finish. She looks directly at the camera throughout and at one point looks into the mirror as if it is the camera, and down at her audience to catch there attention. The position of the camera depends on how the audiences eye is court. Amy being in the centre of the camera means she grabs her audiences attention straight on and her audience get to understand get to understand the meaning of her lyrics and the meaning behind the song. Furthermore, the third point is Amy's costume. Her costume changes a few times throughout the video. We as the audience first see her to be wearing a silky long dressing gown, with orange, black and white imprints. The dressing gown relates to her laid back character and the laid back background that we see of everyone in there dressing gown and nightwear. As the video continues we see her change into grey heels, and a white dress/coat. This happens within the video when the music becomes more upbeat and Amy is repeating herself about saying no to Rehab. The costume may represent her power if she is dressed classy. We then see her sitting back in an office chair wearing nothing but underwear and an open leather jacket. Again this shows Amy as not caring about what her appearance is and having a laid back attitude to how she leads her life. Her costume changes may also represent the way in which she is trying to change her life. The lighting aspect of mise-en-scene is very dull and minimal. There is no strong lighting shown throughout the whole video and only natural lighting is used. The minimal lighting and dark rooms add to the narrative and emotion of the video. The audience will also be able to gather the emotion that Amy wants her audience to feel, as her emotions come across quite sad, careless and fed up.
The main camera techniques that are used within this music video are close-up's and long-shots. The close-ups are used frequently throughout when she is singing. This is to show her emotion on her face and to express the way she is feeling when singing the lyrics. The close-ups show her emotion, which shows that she is fed up and almost emotionless when singing about people trying to force her to go to rehab. This gives the audience a real picture of how she is feeling and the reason to which she is singing this song. In addition, the long shots are used when she is walking around the house and when the camera focuses on the instrument players in the background. The players move around the house with Amy, and make an appearance wherever she is. The long shots that are used frequently show her costume, how she has changed it and how this reflects and connects to the part of the song that is being sung. The close-up aspect of the camera techniques are conventional to the soul genre as within soul the narrative usually involved love or family issues, so the close-ups of the artists show the emotions they are expressing towards there target audience. This creates a strong relationship between the audience and the artist.
In addition, the first editing technique used within the music video Rehab is a flash that takes place when Amy is changing her position on screen. The flash takes place when we see amy from a mid-shot taken from the side of her looking into the mirror in the bathroom, and when the place takes places on screen the position of amy changes to her leaning over the sink looking into the camera directly. Amy stares into the camera for a few seconds after this, this is so she creates a relationship with her audience, and can directly tell them whats going on within her life. This flash cutting means the editing sequence durations of the shots are brief and the cut has a duration of two seconds or less. This is conventional to the could genre as this editing skill may reflect on how they are feeling and the fact that the editing technique that is used is very short and brief links to the fact that there is either no editing used within soul music videos or small amounts to add to effect. Moreover, the second main editing style used is a shot reverse shot. This is used when amy is singing with emphasis to her audience telling them 'no no no' and how she doesn't want to go to rehab. The shot revere shot shows her from different angles. At one point the shot shows her in a close-up showing her facial expressions and emotions, then the shot changes to a long-shot showing the background musicians and a long shot of the way she is sitting and positioned, and then reversed back to a close-up. These shots take places very quickly, and all within a matter of seconds. When her audience are watching the video it allows them to concentrate on what is being shown and having to look quickly at what her message is towards her target audience. A shot-reverse-shot is conventional to the soul genre as it is an easy way to show and produce emotion and emphasise.
The target audience of Amy Winehouse's music video Rehab ranges. Her music is enjoyed by a range of ages, including an audiences as young of 16, all the way up to 50's and 60's. As she produces her music with the genre of soul, this can be enjoyed by a large audience as its found relaxing and enjoyable. Younger people may see her as a role model as they see her as a strong individual, with strong intentions that she doesn't need anyone to help her and can get along in life on her own. Whereas the older generation may enjoy listening to her music as it may be relatable or just enjoy her music because of the instruments used and her voice is very specific and only found attractive by certain people. The genre of soul normally means that the narrative will include family issues of a past love life that may have gone wrong. Many of her audiences may enjoy it for that reason that they can relate and understand what she is going through because they have been through it too and can feel the same emotions and feelings that she is creating a good relationship between Amy and her target audience.
The artist within this video represented as rebellious and strong. Her lyrics "he said, i just think your depressed, this is me, yeah, baby and the rest" This is shown as my evidence. Amy has produced this song because she knows she has problems, and wants to share them with the audience. The lyrics show that she is strong and standing up to her fears, and doesn't care what people think about her. Her rebellious side is shown when she refuses to go to rehab and sort out the problems that she is facing. She tells the audience that she doesn't want to listen to anyone else and that she can sort out her problems on her own without anyones help, especially from her dad. Although her representation that is seen by her audience may be that she is seen to have courage to tell her audience about her problems instead of keeping them to herself, which shows that there is a strong bond between the artist and her audience.
The style of this music video is narrative. There is no performance aspect of the video, as she shows no progression of dancing, or singing on stage like the conventional music video in a genre such as pop. The genre of soul normally holds the convention of telling a story and telling this through there lyrics. This is why this music video of Rehab has the style of narrative. The title of the song gives a message to the audience straight away. Before this music video was produced/released the audience knew that Amy was going through some problems involving drink and drugs. When Amy released this song it was because she was fed up of being told was what was wrong and what was right for her. The narrative within the music video tells a story to the audience that she is admitting to having problems within her life at the time it was made, and she wanted to express to her audience how she was feeling and the reasons for it. She expresses to the audience how she doesn't want to go to Rehab. The concept is pretty similar to the narrative. The concept that Amy is telling to the audience is that you shouldn't lead your life by people telling you what to do, and do what you think is right. This successful video keeps the audience entertained and constantly looking at what is on the screen, and this case its Amy.
For Goodwin's theory the i am looking at point four. The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work. Throughout the music video close up's are used frequently to build a relationship between the the Amy and her audience. The use of close up's means her facial expressions and emotions can be felt by her audience and expressed in a way they can feel what she is feeling and how this connects to the
meaning of the song/lyrics. Furthermore, the second point of Goodwin's theory is point five. There is frequently reference to notion of looking and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body. In certain parts of the video when Amy stands up and is wearing minimal clothing. The audience see her to be bare legged, with nothing but a silky dressing gown that hangs from her. The camera is at a titled angle where the audience see her legs, and the camera then rises up towards the top half of her body. Another part of the music video is when we see Amy sitting on an office desk chair wearing a leather jacket and underwear. We see a lot of her skin within this piece of the music video and they audience view her in a voyeuristic way, as well as the audience viewing her sexually.
The second artist i have chosen to look at for my research into the soul genre is Paloma Faith. The song i have chosen to use for this artist is Picking up the pieces.
Paloma Faith
Paloma Faith: Paloma's full name is Paloma Faith Blomfield. She is a British singer, songwriter and actress known for her retro and eccentric style. Paloma released her debut album 'do you want the truth or something beautiful?' in 2009 and featuring her top twenty singles. The album reached number nine in the United Kingdom. Faith's music career began when she mimicked famous soul and jazz singers included Etta James and Billie Holiday, whom she has admired all her life. In 2011 Paloma was nominated for 'British Female solo artist' at the BRIT awards. In January 2013, she revealed that she was beginning to write her third studio album during her time she spent in the USA, in particular New York city. This album was then released in 2014, and was named 'perfect' by her audience. To day, she performed at Glastonbury, where she announced her fourth album was being produced. Also coaching the Voice on BBC in 2015, replacing Rita Ora.
Music Analysis The genre of this music video is soul, just like the genre of the song I have chosen to use for my music video. The codes and conventions of the soul genre usually involve a narrative about love, family or problems of the artists own, mono-tone colour scheme and dull colours, slow cuts and editing, and normally no special effects. From my analysis, the colours of the music video are dull, including colours such as grey, black and misted backgrounds. The opening setting shows the sky to be dark, black, with dark trees, in a almost haunted setting. This is relatable to the codes and conventions of soul music as it can be connected to the narrative and emotions of the song. Furthermore, the narrative of the video. The narrative of the music video is about a crumbling relationship Paloma was facing with her boyfriend, how things were going badly and facing heartbreak. Paloma quoted "The idea is that we've just broken up and we're both very upset. He's sort of besotted by this other version of me who represents perfection. He's in love with perfection, but the perfection doesn't actually exist - it's like the perfection that I've imagined in my own paranoid, self-loathing way.". This relates to the convention of the soul genre as it has the narrative that most soul songs include, as it is easy to tell a story to the audiences through the soul genre as songs are usually quite slow and understandable by a large audience.
The first mise-en-scene point I am going to analyse from this music video is the setting. The setting at the start of the video starts of with a tower/castle type building, surrounded in tree's and woodland. The surrounding are dark and black, showing mysteriousness. The scene opens, as we Paloma and her boyfriend enter the building. The building is stone cold, including a lot of statues outside to greet, which are dirty and old just like the interior and exterior of the building. There are no bold colours that jump out on screen throughout from the setting as they are all bland and simple. This so far is conventional to the soul genre, as the dull and dark colours link to the way the artist is feeling and trying to put themselves across towards their audience. Moreover, the setting carries on to be seen as quite cold. A part of the video we as the audience see Paloma sitting on a bench outside singing to the camera, although the background/setting looks cold and misty, and not much of a picture can be seen, again this may be representing her feelings and link into the message she is trying to send to her audience. In addition, the second point of mise-en-scene is positioning of the artist. At first we see Paloma in a car next to someone so she is not the direct interest, although the camera focus is on her, and makes her centre position of the video. A shot of Paloma also shows her to be positioned in the centre of the camera, this is when she is sat on the bench outside. Her positioning of being in the middle means she has direct contact with her audience and she is the main focus of what her audience are watching and
looking at. This gives her the main authority, and is seen in a positive way as the artist. She is also portrayed within the centre throughout the rest of the music video. In addition, the third point of mise-en-scene is costume. We see Paloma wearing very pale pink matching suited jacket and skirt, gloves, hat and shoes. These also link in with her very pale skin which is easily recognised by her target audience. These pale clothes relate to the background and setting which don't include much colour of emphasis. This relates to the genre of soul due to the fact that she may be feeling down and insecure due to the break-up of her boyfriend.This may also relate to the fact she is feeling cold-hearted and very down, as well as purity and innocence. The fourth area of mise-en-scene that is used is lighting. Lighting within the music video of Picking up the pieces is minimal, as no strobe or strong lighting is used. Natural lighting is mainly used as the setting only ranges between being outside and within the manor house, where lighting from the windows and lamps are used. This is very conventional of the soul genre to have minimal lighting as it usually connects to the narrative and theme. No lighting adds to the image of the artist, this helps with the effect that she is down and upset, connecting to the themes of darkness and heart-break. The audience will also be able to understand what she is feeling by these added effects. The audience will be able to easily relate to the artist if they know exactly what she is feeling and the reasons why. The mid-shot of Paloma allows the audience to see most of her body, and her body language lets her express herself. The movement of her arms, shows she is passionate about what she is singing, showing the passion in her emotions.
Furthermore, the first main camera technique used is use of frequent close-ups. The close-ups are used of the artist when she is the girlfriend looking over her boyfriend with another woman, as well as the other woman who is with the man, but shown to be controlled and 'perfect'. The close up's over show her emotion whilst singing about being heart-broken, this way the audience can feel the same emotion as her and see her facial expressions about the way she is feeling. Whereas, the other part within the music video she is playing is shown to be at a stand-still and represented as a mannequin. This may show her character as weak, and being controlled by her new boyfriend. The close-up show her perfect make-up and is referenced to by Paloma as "she's flawless, she's all", which is mentioned within the lyrics of the song. The second use of cinematography is extreme long shots. These are used a few times within the music video. This is done a few times, the first when the car is driving up a long windy path to the house, and the camera is on a extreme long shot following the car. An extreme long shot also takes place when Paloma is sitting on a bench outside, where the audience see a full view of the background, setting in front of Paloma, as well as a full view of her as well. This is done so the audience see a full view of what is taking place, and there is obviously a reason for Paloma
wanting her audience to see the view behind her. The close-up shot shows her emotions closely to the audience, and how they should understand what she is feeling and the reasons why. The close-up allows the audience to get a real understanding of what she is feeling and also what she is telling through her lyrics. The car driving up the driveway may have used a extreme long shot so the audience see an overview of where Paloma and the man are going, and get an idea of what the narrative may entail. This is un conventional of the soul genre, as the music videos with the genre of soul usually have the most frequent use of close-ups and shot-reverse shots which can show emotion to the audience easily. Although this is unconventional I think that is has worked well to for fill its purpose and allow the audience to see a narrative taking place.
Thirdly, the first main editing style within this music video is a montage. Four shots are put together within a few seconds to create a montage. The shots of the view of a hill with a car driving past, a zoomed in image of the view, close-up of a statue and then a close-up of the hand of the statue. This is done to speed up time of the journey and the video. After the montage the journey is ended and they have arrived at the house. The montage lets the audience take time to think about what they have seen at the beginning and wait for the singing of Paloma to start, as the start of the music video is the start of the narrative and the start of a story that is going to be told to her target audience. The second frequently used editing style is.. Moreover, the target audience of this music video varies from the ages of 16-30. Her music is very relatable and can be enjoyed by a large audience. The genre of soul means Paloma expresses her emotions through her words and tells a story through her music which can be understood by a lot of people. This show allows the audience to see the artists dark state of mind, and how she is showing this through the location she is travelling in.
The younger audience may enjoy her music because it can be up-beat and enjoyable, the lyrics are easy to memorise and she is a very good singer. The target audience of Paloma Faith has stayed the same from the start of her career to her to this day now. When Paloma first released her music she had a target audience of 16-24 year olds as her first song was very popular within the UK. Her fans/audience have stuck by her and variably stayed the same, as well as now expanding and being enjoyed by a lot more people. The style of the music video is narrative and concept based, there is no element of performance involved. The narrative being told within this song is that Paloma and her ex-boyfriend were going through a hard time and struggling to come to terms with their relationship. The video shows her boyfriend seeing her for something else, and wanting a woman that's perfect and pretty.
The style for this music video is performance and narrative. The performance element can be seen within the whole music video as she is singing towards the camera. Her lyrics towards her audience show the element of narrative, where she is telling her target audience a story of being heartbroken and down. The narrative style is also shown through the scenes that Paloma is shot in, for example most of the background images show a dark and mysterious place, representing how the artist is feeling and portraying her emotions to the audience. Within the video itself, Paloma's style represents her in many ways. Firstly, the clothes that she is wearing. The light pink coat and skirt represent her as being venerable and emotional. The light clothing shows her innocence towards the audience, and elaborating to them how she is feeling, helping the meanings to her lyrics to show through. The pale clothing is relatable to the soul genre, as her audience will understand her emotions easier. Moreover, her representation from her pale and limited make-up. Within the soul genre it is conventional to see a female artist wearing minimal pale make-up on the skin, and a bright red lipstick on her lips. This is what is seen on Paloma. This shows that the audience can relate to why she is doing this, as she shows her passion, heartbreak and anger through her facial make-up.
My research into chosen music genre has allowed me to expand my thoughts onto how my chosen genre is going to work well and what I might need to do to make sure I catch my targeted audience. This will assist me as now I can see the similarities into how the soul genre use specific things and conventions; for example, the use of close-ups and how the colour within both videos are the same. The narrative within the soul genre always varies between two things, as I have found from my research. This has helped me with a narrative for my idea and what it should be, and how this will affect the message that will be sent out to the audience and how much of the performance element needs to be included to balance out between the two. From my analysis the ideas that I will be taking on board are to use a narrative which relates to love, as the audience seem to create a strong relationship with the artist when the narrative of love is involved within the soul genre, as a story can be told easily and a connection can be made. I will also include the need for close-up's as they create a relationship between the audience and the artist as they can understand the artist in a way that they can see there emotions being sent out and portrayed, also helping them understand the artists personality.
The copyright law can be a very serious offence in relation to the consequences that may be involved as a result. The types of work eligible for for copyright protection include a literally dramatic, artistic, or musical work, the type typographical arrangement of a published edition, a sound recording, film or a broadcast. An example of where a serious offence has taken place is Pharrell Williams. Pharrell and Robin Thicke had to pay $7.4 million to Marvin Gaye's family over the song Blurred Line's. A jury awarded Marvin Gaye's children nearly $7.4 million after determining singers Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams copied their fathers music to create Blurred Lines, the biggest hot song of 2013. The song was Got to give it up by Marvin Gaye. Applying for copyright The song me and my group have chosen to create a music video for is Hometown Glory by Adele. For applying for our copyright we had to research into who Adele's record label was. XL recordings has been her record label since she started recording her own singles. So from this we researched into their website to find a way into contacting them. The reason for applying for copyright is because the song is not ours, and applying for permission is vital so when our music video is produced we are not accused of copyright. For applying for copyright we emailed XL recordings, which was direct from their website. The website allowed us to contact them in many ways, but as a group we chose to use the form of email as it allows us to send the letter straight away. The screenshot below shows the evidence of what we sent. We simply asked them for permission for using Adele's song to produce a music video for me and my groups Media Studies A2 coursework. The email allowed us to add a subject, so hopefully this will be a priority for them to read and contact us. The email was sent directly to the XL recordings, which also included an address and phone telephone number for us to contact if needed.
Unfortunately, our record label didn't respond to the email we sent for applying for music copyright for the song Hometown Glory by Adele. Due to there being no reply, we as a group are going to send another email to XL recordings asking if we can apply for music copyright. Hopefully this time they will reply and state either a yes or no answer, giving us permission.
My chosen music artist is Adele. The song i have chosen by Adele is Hometown Glory, which has the genre of soul. Most of the songs that Adele has produced have the genre of soul. The reason for choosing Adele as my chosen artist is because she produces music that is understandable and has a meaning that her audience can understand. I feel that each of her songs show emotion through her lyrics and her performances and relatable and enjoyable.
Artist profile
Adele's full name is Adele Laurie Blue Adkins, and was born on May 1988. Adele has been writing songs nearly all her life, and this was taken to life when she graduated Brit School in 2006 and was given a contract with XL Recordings where she started producing her music. Adele's first single was released when she was 19, with the song Hometown Glory. This song was written by Adele when she was 16, and got the inspiration from her surroundings when she lived in Tottenham in London. Adele's second release (chasing pavements), hit number two in the charts and stayed there for four weeks. Adele's record label is XL recordings. As Adele grew popular in the UK, she become recognised worldwide. Her second album was released in the UK and US, with the album being inspired by a recent break-up with her last partner. Adele changed her genre from her first album, as now her second album had the genre of country and roots music. As the years went on Adele performed in many places over the UK and in 2011 performed an emotional song called Someone Like You and the Brit awards where she was named outstanding by the audience. The song was then number one on the charts for several weeks and was loved by her audience. To promote some of her albums she produced tours to perform her music live to her audience/fans. Her 'Adele Live' tour sold out its North American leg. With the releases of songs up until this point, it was released that she was writing and composing the theme tune for the new James Bond movie SkyFall. Adele told her audience that producing this song was one of the proudest moments of her life. The single sold 261,000 copies in the first three days of release in the US and was named the Golden Globe award and Best Original Song. Adele to this day is said to be releasing her third studio album in November 2015.
Artist music video analysis
The first video i have chosen to analyse which was sung by the artist Adele is Chasing Pavements.
The song was inspired by an incident Adele has with former boyfriend of Sixth Months, after learning that he had cheated on her, she went to the bar he was at and punched him in the face. After being thrown out of there home together, she walked down the street alone and thought "what is the point of chasing? chasing empty pavements".
The point i have chosen from Goodwin's theory is the use of close up's from the demand of record label. The close up's are used frequently throughout the music video as they show her singing and facial expressions. The use of close-up's show Adele's emotions as she is singing about a previous heart-break. The screenshot that u have taken shows her looking down, which represents her feelings towards the mood. Her make-up shown within this close-up is very minimal, as she has a look of a pale face, with peach/red lipstick and black eyes. This represents her as innocent and upset. This also shows her connection between the audience and artist as they can feel the emotion behind the lyrics that are being sung. This is relatable to the soul genre as soul songs are based on experiences and conventionally create a relationship between the artist and audience easily, as this is the way record labels are sold quickly.
Dyer's star theory's first point is audiences and institutions. Adele is modelled around her past experiences, and sings about them continually. Her target audience can relate as they can relate to what she is singing about and if they have experienced the same things e.g. within this song its heartbreak, and this is seen relatable and because of this she can create a relationship between the audience easily and quickly. The audience within this music video is ordinary as she is relatable towards her audience. Adele doesn't represent herself as performing within the video, and is just seen within the shot as sitting within a car and telling a story through a video towards her audience. For Hegemony the audience don't see her as a role model and won't seen to be imaging her for her costume or lyrics etc. We don't see Adele to be fashionable within this music video, as we do not see a long shot of her outfit at all, and cannot relate to her outfit type.
The artist is represented within this video as sad and lonely. The music video is set around Adele, as the story line shows her world being turned upside down due to her breaking up with her boyfriend. The setting is set around adele as we see her ex-boyfriend sitting next to her, but she does not relate to him, look at him or make any reference to him at all throughout. Her emotions are quite low, ad she goes into deep meanings within her lyrics. She is represented as being heart-broken and going through a hard time within her life at this point. This is conventional of the soul genre as within this genre we normally see the artist being represented as depressed or very low within there music as this is how they connect with there artist and get them to listen. The target audience of Adele is between the ages of 16-30 years. The audience of this age can normally relate to the emotions being sent out to the audience due to past experiences that they have felt the same. The younger aspect of the audience may enjoy her music as its nice to listen to and has an up-beat that they might enjoy. Also this song is very repetitive and the lyrics are easy to remember, meaning he audience go back and listen to the song over and over again, and as they sing it out loud there friends or peers can hear the song and learn the tune too, which is a source of promotion.
The style of the music video is narrative, within this video there is no element of performance. Adele tells a story to her behind her heartbreak and how this has made her feel. The meaning behind the song is why should she be chasing empty pavements, which means that her ex-boyfriend isn't worth fighting for any more. Adele isn't involved within the story line we see people acting out how she is feeling. The opening seen shows Adele to be sitting in the passenger seat of a car where she is sat next to who is believed to be her ex-boyfriend. In front of her we as the audience see a car crash that has just taken place involving two people. They act out a story of being hurt, but still being in love with each other as they act out a love story. This is being represented as the way that Adele is feeling, and how she is hurt. This is relatable to the soul genre as it is conventional not to see a performance based style of music video as the narrative is the basis of the song and is worked around this to catch the right target audience and make sure they remember it.
The first use of mise-en-scene used is the location. The location is set within a park/street. The screenshot on the left shows the evidence of the car pile-up from the crash, and the setting which involved greenery, old houses as well as the setting having a filter used, and the smoke which adds to the effect of the setting. The setting is conventional to the soul genre as it is has a very dark effect, and there is nothing in the background that is seen to stand out or be important. This is effective as the main focus is the narrative that is taking place and Adele singing. This helps the audience create a relationship with the artist and understand the meaning of the song as they can see clearly what is happening through shots such as long-shots. Moreover, the artist's costume. Adele's costume is only seen very little throughout the music video. When we do see her costume its through a long-shot. Her costume entails a black baggy top, with black trousers, black shoes and a light brown coat. The black portrays her as down, and having low emotions and dark thoughts. The black connects to the emotions she is
feeling, also the fact that she hasn't made a lot of effort within her costume which shows she isn't bothered about what she looks like and isn't a very strong person. All the colours within this image are very dark, which allows the audience to feel what the artist is feeling and mimic her emotions from what images she is portraying. Moreover, the positioning of the characters shows the artist to be in only a few places on the image. As Adele is not part of the scene being acted out for the audience, we generally see the narrative although when the artist is shown we see her through the use of close-ups or in the centre of the shot. The images when we see her positioned in the centre of the camera shows her singing over the narrative taking place which portrays her as having the power and control over the situation. The lighting within this music video is minimal and very dull. Filters are applied to create a darker scene to add to the effect and portray Adele's feelings to her target audience. As the music video is filmed outside, only natural lighting is included within. This adds to the effect and is conventional of the soul genre. Within the soul genre lighting is not normally used, and when it is its only natural lighting as an effect is normally added to make it darker, as the narrative conventional holds it to be about heart-break or family etc.
Artist music analysis
The song I have chosen to analyse by Adele is Rolling in the Deep.
From Goodwin's theory I have chosen to analyse the point of the music matches the visuals. When the music is playing there is someone dancing to the music in time, and changes depending on the tune. When the pitch is on a high note and Adele is singing fast, the man dancing starts dancing faster in time with the music, matching them. This scene is extremely interesting and This scene is extremely interesting as it shows a dancer moving around which makes the powder on the floor fly throughout the room. This always gives the video an extremely dramatic feel, as well as giving the video an artistic edge. The second point from Goodwin's theory is the use of close-ups. The use of close-ups on the artist are used frequently within the music video, as it shows her singing and allows her audience to understand the meaning behind her emotions and create a easy and quick relationship with her. The use of close-ups is conventional of the soul genre as they are use to create a connection between the artist and audience as soul songs usually have deep meanings and relatable.
The artist within this video is represented as strong due to a heart-break and break-up with her boyfriend. Adele said that her life is lonely and rubbish, and isn't a weak person just because she doesn't have a boyfriend. This shows her as a strong minded person and this video is to prove a point to her audience that she can do whatever she wants even if she doesn't have a boyfriend and is still happy within her life. Adele is proving a point to not just her target audience but to a wider audience that she is capable and a strong person. With conclusion to this, also linking in to who Adele's target audience is for this music video. For this music video the target audience is from the ages of 16-30. The audience of this age can normally relate to the emotions being sent out to the audience due to past experiences that they have felt the same. The younger aspect of the audience may enjoy her music as its nice to listen to and has an up-beat that they might enjoy. Also this song is very repetitive and the lyrics are easy to remember, meaning he audience go back and listen to the song over and over again, and as they sing it out loud there friends or peers can hear the song and learn the tune too, which is a source of promotion. Dyer's star theory's first point is audiences and institutions. Adele is modelled around her past experiences, and sings about them continually. Her target audience are relatable as they can
relate to what she is singing about and if they have experienced the same things e.g. within this song its heartbreak, and this is seen relatable and because of this she can create a relationship between the audience easily and quickly. Adele is represented extraordinary and ordinary within her music video. This is due to the fact that she is very relatable. A lot of women within her target audience will feel the same way she does about break-ups and the fact that to be happy you don't have to be in a relationship. She is relatable in that sense and is very meaningful within her music and lyrics. Although within this video Adele is displayed as extraordinary as the dancing that reflects on her music and the iconography and props shows her to be experimental and is not really conventional of the soul genre. The dark abandoned room is conventional, but not really to see cups of water surrounding her and bouncing to the music. The close up on the glasses emphasises the effect of the water further, which matches the beat. This gives an extremely dramatic effect.
The next point I am going to analyse is the style of the music video. The style of the music video is performance and narrative. The performance aspect isn't performed by Adele but someone else, whereas she tells a story through her lyrics. Her narrative tells her audience how she is still strong after breaking up with her boyfriend and tells her audience and meaning that you don't need to be with someone to be happy. This is a strong message Adele sends out to her target audience and will be very relatable for most of her audience, as they can understand her emotions just like Adele wants them too. From this Adele creates a relationship between her and the audience as her narrative means she can create a connection and reach a wider audience. The performance shows someone to be playing the drums as well as dancing. The scene of the drummer is very dark at the beginning of the song, however, towards the climax of the song a light comes on which matches the tone of the song. The use of sudden light has positive connotations and symbolize the artist's hope. This scene is extremely
interesting as it shows a dancer moving around which makes the powder on the floor fly throughout the room. This always gives the video an extremely dramatic feel, as well as giving the video an artistic edge. The first use of mise-en-scene is the setting. The setting of the music video is an old large house with not many items in. This works well as there are many things going on in the background. Plates are thrown at a wall and symbolizes the singer's broken heart and how she is currently feeling. The fact that the video shows the plates actually being smashed, emphasises the artist's anger and hurt further and makes the audience question whether or not it is her throwing the plates. Also, The scene of the drummer is very dark at the beginning of the song, however, towards the climax of the song a light comes on which matches the tone of the song. The use of sudden light has positive connotations and symbolize the artist's hope. This connects with the second point of mise-en-scene which is lighting. Again like most soul songs the lighting is very minimal, although spot lights are used around Adele to show her off as the artist. There is spotlights used to open the effect of certain things within the shot. As the walls are covered in sheets, spotlights are used around the artist, and to add effect to the dancer, as we can see him in more detail and the specifics to what he is doing. The positioning of the characters within this music video shows Adele to be sitting in a empty room, sitting on a chair
singing at a wall. The chair is positioned in the centre of the room, and is seen through various shots such as long shots so we can see her place in the room and close-ups. This position shows she has authority and holds the power within the video. Her singing control what is taking place around her, for example the smashing plates and water jumping according to what she sings. The is conventional to the soul genre as the soul genre is normally relatable although sometimes tings are used to catch the audiences eye in a different perspective. The iconography within this video is the drums being played and various other things. Throughout the video drums are being played to the music, and in time. The drums add to the effect of the music and adds a beat to the background which is conventional to the soul genre. This may catch the audiences eye as a musician is not normally seen within a soul music video, only heard. A long shot from the micro-element cinematography shows Adele to be sitting in a room on her own singing. From this long shot we can see her to be singing at her audience. The long shot switches throughout the scenes, as we switch from Adele, to someone dancing, to someone playing the drums, and to plates being thrown at a wall. The whole setting is taken place within one house, although just within different rooms. The switching of the camera adds effect as it keeps the audience looking out what is next, and waiting for the artist to come back on screen. The second use of cinematography is zooming in. When the person dancing in dust appears from the switch from Adele, the camera zooms in towards the dancer, this shows an image to the audience of what the dancer is doing and connects to the sound of the song, as the tension rises the zooming in takes place. This is conventional to the soul genre because the lyrics of the soul genre are usually quite personally and this zooming in to a close up helps the audience relate to the emotions of Adele.
For the points of editing i have chosen to analyse slow paced editing. This editing skill occurs at the beginning of the music video when adele starts singing. The scene changes from her singing to a man dancing on a consolidated room full of white dust and sheets hanging from the walls. The slow-paced editing occurs when he starts spinning round, and i can see this is slow paced editing due to the speed that he is turning and the way that the dust is turning and rising slowly. This has been slowed down to add to the effect of the song and how it is slowly rising in pace. The song at the beginning is slow and calm, and towards the middle of the song the beat rises, and then in comparison so does the dancer, he is in line and speed with the song the whole way through.
The second piece of editing i have analysed from the music video rolling in the deep is a jump cut. A jump cut takes place throughout the music video several times. This happens to show a new scene taking place, for example the camera jumps from adele to the man dancing, adele to the water in the glasses and adele to the plates being thrown at the wall. These all take place to show a new scene that hasn't been introduced yet. The man dancing represents that he is trapped, representing just how adele is feel in, so he is there to support and show her feelings, rather than her show them throughout her facial expressions, this ways it keeps the audience guessing. Moreover, the glasses on the floor full with water in a whole room represented life. The way the water is filled up to different levels in every glass shows that different emotions are being expressed, and the jumping of the water with the beat may show her feelings and emotions are alive. Conclusion
My research on my chosen artist will assist me with planning my own music video for this soul genre because i can see similarities and differences between the videos so i can differentiate between what are conventional aspects of our genre and what are not. This includes the frequent use of close ups shots and extreme long shots show the artist fully so we can see how there outfit/costume link into the way they are expressing their emotions and the close-ups shows there emotions and feelings as they are singing, and the hidden meaning within a soul genre is normally easy to see. The two different songs by adele has allowed me to see what conventions are used to address her target audience and if they have been met or not. Different features have also been used from all analysis which has allowed me to think about what i will use in my own music video and how it effect my target audience's relationship with my artist.
Many artists within the music industry have changed over time for many reasons. Some artists change their style, the genre they sing or their appearance to catch a new audience's eye. This may be for many reasons such as they want to break away from a bad previous reputation, or just want more publicity. A few artists that have reinvented themselves over time are Justin Bieber and Michael Jackson.
Justin Bieber: Justin released his first single in 2009- One time. This was a popular hit globally and the first time that one of his songs had been released. Within this music video Justin was very young and showed conventional activates and lifestyle of a young teenage boy and was seen as a teen sensation. The opening scene of the video shows him playing a games console with his friend, and as it progresses he starts to sing about being in love sty such a young age. Obviously this attracts a wide audience, and by him singing about this it attracts his target audience of teenage girls. Justin Bieber has changed over time because of his appearance. When he first appeared on screen he had long styled hair, and was very relaxed about his image. To present Justin has died his hair, had many tattoo's produced on his body and cared a lot about what he wears and in some video's be exclusive about his body and not wear a top at all. Furthermore, Justin used to sing songs from the pop genre, and has now tried to change from that, and now includes the genre of rap within his songs. Justin shows reasons for doing this as he wants to grow up with his audience, and be an idol for them and a good role model.
Michael Jackson: Michael was an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor. Michael was known as the "king of pop", and being an inspiration towards his audience. Michael's famous track "thriller" was a number one hit, his best selling album and is still popular to this day. Michael was in the famous pop group "jackson 5", where he built his fame up from. Michael was very popular until in the 1990's Michael turned and relied on drugs. His skin was a medium-brown colour throughout his youth but starting in the mid 1980's, his skin gradually gee more pale through what was considered skin bleaching. Michael also had surgery to make his nose smaller and also adjust other features of his face.
Richard Dyer
Richard Dyer has written extensively about the role of stars in film, television and music. Irrespective of the type of features in common: - a star is an image, not a real person, that is constructed out of range of materials for example advertising magazines and films. -stars are commodities produces and consumed on the strength of their manager. The star image is made up of a range of meanings which are attractive to the target audience. Fundamentally the star image us incoherent; incomplete and 'open'. Dyer says that this this because it is based upon two key paradoxes. The term 'star' refers to the semi-mythological set of meanings contracted around music performers in order to sell the performer to a large and loyal audience.
For my research of analysis of star and dyer's theory i am using Miley Cyrus. Miley has changed dramatically from her childhood when she was first known as "hannah montana". Most children loved this show, as grew up watching her changing into singer "Miley Cyrus". I have chosen three of her music videos which i feel show most of how she has reinvented herself and how this has affected her audience. The first video i chose to analyse is "The best of Both worlds" sung by Hannah Montana.
THE BEST OF BOTH WORLD'S
Goodwin's theory
For goodwin's theory i have chosen to analyse point 7. point seven shows whether the video is preliminary performance based, narrative based or concept based. After watching this music video i feel this video is performance based. The opening of the music video shows Hannah Montana walking onto the stage, with surrounding accompaniment. A panning movement of the camera quickly moves round from the stage onto the audience, showing the audience (her fans) jumping and feeling excited to watch her sing. This supports the fact that the misc video is performance based as we see Hannah performing to her target audience on stage. The music video is set out in the style of a concert, which means that this isn't pre-recorded and edited like most music video's. This creates a relationship towards the audience and the artist as she is performing to them and expressing her feelings to them. This may influence her target audience of teenage girls within the age of 11-16, as they will look up to her, and feel inspired by her performance.
Genre conventions
The genre for this music video is pop-rock, and many conventions are included within the video. The first convention of pop is the lyrics. Hannah is singing about her life, but two sides of it. She explains to her audience that she is living two lives and feels different when she is performing her music. The lyrics "yeah you get to be a small town girl, but big time when you play your guitar". This evidence concludes the meaning behind her lyrics. Although from Miley Cyrus's image now, this might have been what she was explaining then within her lyrics, and has now become apparent. Furthermore, Miley's costume and her guitarists and drummers. Hannah Montana is wearing skinny blue jeans, and a pink top with knew high boots. This relates to the genre of pop as she is wearing girly clothing, that will attract her target audience of teenage girls and will be attracted to watch her new music videos in the future. They may also see her as a role model by the things she wears or the way she acts about singing about her personal life, this is a good thing and creates a relationship between the audience and the artist and represents Hannah Montana as a good person. Moreover, the drummer within the performance is wearing a leather jacket and has a Mohican hair style which relates to the genre of rock.
Dyer's theory
The video represents the artist as being young and enjoying performing. Hannah Montana within this video is a young teenage performer who is shown to be popular within her own television show. She is represented as having a large targeted audience as her audience is shown within the camera shot, this shows her performance of her own song being enjoyed by a wide variety of people. The first paradox is that the star must be extraordinary as she is glamorous and is a role model to her target audience, as well as wearing fashionable clothing; eg. dresses, pink flowery tops and short skirts, that can relate to what girls wear and find attractive. Hannah Montana can be viewed as a product as when she was popular in the music industry you could buy Hannah Montana Barbie dolls, which you could buy clothes for and dress up, which attracted her targeted audience as they could dress up Hannah how they wanted and almost act out her life with the doll. You could also buy girls clothing like pyjamas and tops which had Hannah's logo on the front and symbols of her dancing pose. This all promoted Hannah Montana, letting more people enjoy her show and music, and broadcasting herself globally.
Target Audience
Hannah Montana's target audience is girls of around the age of 6-14. Hannah performs on her own television channel on Disney Channel which is broadcasted on sky and virgin. Her target audience are girls who enjoy watching her show and enjoying her music. She performs a lot and is seen as a role model to her audience by the clothes she wears and the lyrics she sings. In all of her music video's she wears stylish clothing that will attract her audience in a way of them wanting to wear the same things and be like her. Her lyrics in her music videos are mainly positive which gives off a positive vibe to her audience, giving her a good image. At the age of her target audience they are growing up with Hannah, and see how her lifestyle changes with them. Her target audience is wide and her music/performances can be enjoyed by a lot of children, and is still popular to this day. I think that Hannah's target audience is large and mainly girls, is because she sings about her lifestyle and was very up-to-date when making her music, also the lyrics were very easy to remember and catchy.
Messages and Values
A message that was being pot rayed in this music video was one that wasn't very clear at the time of the release. Now from analysis i can see that Hannah was singing about her life on stage compared to her life not on stage and living reality and comparing her lifestyle of becoming Miley Cyrus. She gives a positive vibe off to the audience. She sings about having a lifestyle of luxury and this is how her audience should enjoy these things just like she does. "you get the limo out front, hottest styles, every shoes, every colour". Hannah within this music video wants to send a good message to her audience to enjoy her song, but to listen to the lyrics closely. This is one music video that is performed many times by Hannah in her television shows and hasn't changed since the last videos. In all of Hannah's video she sings about positive things, and never includes negative lyrics that might upset her target audience or lead them away. In the era that this song was made it was good to have an up beat song that was catchy and well known by most children, and this song is in accordance with the era. Most children in that era enjoyed songs that were aimed at them and they could relate to watching there favourite pop star on television.
The second music video i have chosen to analyse is Miley Cyrus - Party in the USA. This video shows her as Miley Cyrus. Hannah Montana was her stage name on her show, and now this song is one of her most popular older songs which featured in the charts when released.
PARTY IN THE U.S.A
Goodwin's theory
For my analysis of Goodwin's theory i have chosen to use point four. The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work. Close ups are used frequently of her face, as well as her clothing. Close-ups are used on her face to show her facial expressions and the emotion that the artist is trying to portray and the audience want to feel the lyrics. The picture i have screenshotted on the left is from her official music video. This shows a close up of her singing into a microphone with the American flag hanging behind her. A close up shows clearly what Miley is saying and how her emotion on her face tells a story behind the lyrics.
Genre Conventions
The genre of this music video is pop. The conventions of the pop genre includes fashionable or clothing that stands out to the audience. Appeals to the teenage/youth audience, also a up-beat tune which is popular and enjoyable. Within this music video Miley is wearing a blue skimpy top with a short Jean skirt. She is also wearing knee high brown cow boy boots, which links with the convention of America (USA). In some parts of the music video Miley's top is pulled low and her underwear is on show to the audience. This might be a tactic of seduction towards her audience and to cause her audience to talk about her, and this acting as a method of promotion. She is also dancing and singing infront of the camera which is a convention of the pop genre. The song itself is very up-beat and includes a lot of instruments in the background. The lyrics are also quite repetitive which is conventional of the pop genre. The lyrics being repetitive means that the audience and her fans can remember the song easily, meaning her fans remember the song for a long time and is never forgotten and stays popular.
Dyer's theory The video represents the artist positively. Within the music video Miley shows to the audience that she 'likes to party in the USA' with her friends, and this is shown through the visuals. She doesn't show any rebellious behaviour such as smoking or drinking, just shows herself dancing, performing and singing. Miley within this video is shown as a role model from her outfit, the things she is shown to be doing and the lyrics. No swearing or bad language is used, as well as no negativity is used towards the audience. The artist can be viewed as a product as her target audience can buy her CD or single. Also children's clothing which included pictures of Miley on the front, which may feature the background of one of her popular singles e.g. American flag. The artist is extraordinary within this music video. She is wearing glamorous and attractive clothing, which attracts her target audience in a way that they see her as a role model.
Target audience
The target audience of Miley Cyrus's music video; Party in the USA has the main attraction of girls aged between aged 12-18. As well as Miley having the target audience of girls, boys/men may also be attracted to her way of style or even her music. Within this music video Miley is wearing very revealing clothes which will seduce her target audience and create a relationship between the two. Miley has a wide audience, not just in the UK but is very popular within America, which links to this song, which was found popular in both countries. Miley's audience will see her as a role model as at that age you look up to singers and want to do the things that they do. Her good vibes and positive lyrics attract her audience and can create a good relationship between the audience and Miley.
Messages and Values
From my analysis I can see that there are many values and messages being sent out to the audience from this video. Miley talks about living the high live in the USA and how its so great hangin with friends and partying. "welcome to the land of the fame excess". This quote shows that you are recognised easily and this is life is one to lead. This shows to her audience that Miley is popular and enjoys living and spending her time within America.
The next music video I have chosen to analyse is one of Miley Cyrus's most recent new relseases, that was in the charts for a very long time and reached a lot of publicity. This song is called "wrecking ball"
WRECKING BALL
Goodwin's theory
For my analysis of the video wrecking ball, I have chosen to analyse the point of how the demands of the record label will have the need to use close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which reoccur across their work. The close ups are shown when Miley Cyrus is singing about the heart break she has been through and you can see the tear falling down her eye. This shows that she has a strong amount of emotion in her words and the song has a meaning behind itself, and the reason she wrote this song was because of a heartbreak she recently had with an ex boyfriend. The feelings and emotions are strongly shown through the close-ups as we see her facial expressions closely, creating a relationship between the audience and the artist as they get in insight into what she is feeling.
Genre conventions
The genre of this music video is pop, just like most of Miley's other music videos she has created. The use of mise-en-scene ; costume, shows her to be seen as very revealing and not wearing very many clothes. In one scene of the video Miley is hanging on a ball hanging from the ceiling. We see a mid-shot of her hanging, with no clothing on her top half. This shows a point that Miley has re-invented herself, as she never used to be so daring and rebellious. Her action show that this "heartbreak" have shown to take some effect on her. Furthermore, this does increase her publicity and the amount of people talking about her. Furthermore, the beat of the music isn't very conventional of the pop genre. It doesn't have an up-beat tune and the lyrics are quite sad and distressing. She sings about her love life which is conventional but the tune and emotion put into the lyrics are sad, whereas in her previous music videos she is happy and send of a good vibe to her audience.
Dyer's theory
h In the music video it represents Miley in a negative way. Her body language, costume and the narrative of the song show that she is distressed making her audience realise that she has changed a lot from her previous music videos. The emotions used helps to portray Dyer's theory further as its clear how much Miley has changed since she first appeared as Hannah Montana. The star seems as though she is not having fun like she used to, and now singing about serious subjects unlike when she was carefree. Miley within this music video is both ordinary and extraordinary. We can relate to ordinary as she is singing about love and heartbreak, and how this has effected her life. Whereas, extraordinary due to her outfit and the way she looks. Her "outfit" isn'treally much of one, and is very revealing in what she is doing on stage. This pot rays her as not really caring about her appearance, and all she wants to do is express her emotions and feelings to her target audience.
Target Audience
From moving on from her stage name "hannah montana" and having a large amount of fans, Miley has grown up a lot and started production music which a lot of people can relate to and grown up with her audience. For this particular music video the target audience is 16-22, as language is sometimes used that isn't appropriate as well as the way that she presents herself e.g naked. Her audience are respectable and may have the same feelings as Miley and can relate to what she is saying. Whereas some of her audience just enjoy her music and follow her in whatever she makes, as she has changed the way she looks, sings and performs a lot over the years. Her target audience have seen her change things such as her hair, which is shown in the picture on the left where she has had long natural hair in the past and now short, dyed hair, which may be seen as out of the ordinary.
Conclusion
In conclusion i have identified that my artist Miley Cyrus has changed her image a lot throughout the years, and i have shown this evidently through my analysis. As well as researching Miley/Hannah i briefly researched into two different artists which i have shown. These two were Justin Bieber, a teenage hit, and Michael Jackson the king of pop. Both these artist have different target audiences and different genres of music, but have both changed their identities throughout the years. I feel that Miley Cyrus has changed a lot, which include some god things and some bad things. Her image before hand when she her stage name was Hannah Montana and then started releasing singles as Miley Cyrus. Her image was more relaxed, she has lot of fans and sent out a lot of positive vibes to her audience. Whereas now, she is very wary about what her audience think of her and how they are going to react when she posts something on the internet or her choice of style. I feel that my research of star and dyer's theory has allowed me to see why stars reinvent themselves and how this can change the way that there target audience see them or changes who their audience is. I feel that this will help with my research into my own music video as i have researched a lot into an artist which has helped me understood her. For my own music video i will be thinking carefully about star and dyer's theory and how it will affect my production.
Sony Music entertainment UK is is part of one of the largest music and entertainment companies in the world. Sony have labels such as columbia records, RCA records, epic records and many more. Columbia records are well known for being the record label of One Direction, RCA records are known for being the record label of Asap Rocky and epic records are well known for being the record label of Mariah Carey. Sony Music themselves have features artists such as Elvis Presley, Fifth Harmony and Pentatonix. Columbia records has signed some of the most famous British artists such as The Script, Clavin Harris and one direction. There are links to other mediums of media because Sony is also in the television business and electronics.
Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group are the current major UK label company that owns many companies. A company well-known that they own is Island Records who manages groups/artists such as U2 who are well-known for downloading there songs onto all the apple devices within the UK. Also Leona Lewis who is famous from being on the X-Factor and is now managed by Universal Music Group. Virgin EMI records is also a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Universal is also known for creating films so them being as a music group are large distribution company and this is good for them as they are not just known for their music.
Warner Music Group is an American major global record company headquartered in New York City. The largest American-owned music conglomerate world-wide it is one of the big three recording companies. EMI is the third largest record Label within the UK. Pixie Lott is a famous female british artist which is singed to EMI. EMI also have links to magazines which is an advantage for the artist's who are signed as this increases publicity for them and allows them to have a wider access. As well as magazines, also access to TV and film.
The independent label company I have chosen is XL Recordings. This helps me with me research as my artist for my music video is Adele, who is signed to them, so my research and findings will help me further my gatherings. XL recordings is owned by Richard Russell, and originated in 1989. The company have people such as Adele, The white stripes, Dizzee Rascal and Vampire weekend signed to them. XL recordings are well-known within the UK and have helped increase the sales of all there artists singles and albums. 
Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group are the current major UK label company that owns many companies. A company well-known that they own is Island Records who manages groups/artists such as U2 who are well-known for downloading there songs onto all the apple devices within the UK. Also Leona Lewis who is famous from being on the X-Factor and is now managed by Universal Music Group. Virgin EMI records is also a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Universal is also known for creating films so them being as a music group are large distribution company and this is good for them as they are not just known for their music.
The independent label company I have chosen is XL Recordings. This helps me with me research as my artist for my music video is Adele, who is signed to them, so my research and findings will help me further my gatherings. XL recordings is owned by Richard Russell, and originated in 1989. The company have people such as Adele, The white stripes, Dizzee Rascal and Vampire weekend signed to them. XL recordings are well-known within the UK and have helped increase the sales of all there artists singles and albums. 
